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Android中后台显示悬浮窗口的方法

 
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想照着音量对话框的做法,作一个在后台显示Dialog的方法,可是在Dialog.show()的时候,出了下面这个异样:
android.view.WindowManager$BadTokenException: Unable to add window android.view.ViewRootImpl$W@411da608 -- permission denied for this window type:
        at android.view.ViewRootImpl.setView(ViewRootImpl.java:537)
        at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:301)
        at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:215)
        at android.view.WindowManagerImpl$CompatModeWrapper.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:140)
        at android.view.Window$LocalWindowManager.addView(Window.java:537)
        at android.app.Dialog.show(Dialog.java:278)

1、异常原因-没加权限
往下的调用顺序是

  ①    android.view.ViewRootImpl.setView(ViewRootImpl.java:481)
  ②    com.android.server.wm.Session.add(Session.java:139)
  ③    com.android.server.wm.WindowManagerService.addWindow(WindowManagerService:1999)
  ④    com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindowManager.checkAddPermission(PhoneWindowMana:1063)

在这里发现了

        String permission = null;
        switch (type) {
            case TYPE_TOAST:
                // XXX right now the app process has complete control over
                // this...  should introduce a token to let the system
                // monitor/control what they are doing.
                break;
            case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD:
            case TYPE_WALLPAPER:
                // The window manager will check these.
                break;
            case TYPE_PHONE:
            case TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE:
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT:
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR:
            case TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY:
                permission = android.Manifest.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW;
                break;
            default:
                permission = android.Manifest.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW;
        }


音量对话框用的是“TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY”,那就加上“INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW”

可是带进去一跑,还是不行,再找


2、异常原因-等级不够
在“frameworks\base\core\res\AndroidManifest.xml”里一看
    <!-- Allows an application to open windows that are for use by parts
         of the system user interface.  Not for use by third party apps. -->
    <permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW"
        android:label="@string/permlab_internalSystemWindow"
        android:description="@string/permdesc_internalSystemWindow"
        android:protectionLevel="signature" />
原来有个保护等级,baidu了一下有四个
・normal 的权限只要申请了就可以使用;
・dangerous 的权限在安装时需要用户确认才可以使用;
・signature 和 signatureorsystem 的权限需要使用者的 app 和系统使用同一个数字证书。

等级不够,用不了


3、其他尝试
既然“TYPE_VOLUME_OVERLAY”不能用,那就试试“TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR”,异常是不报了,但是dialog显示不出来。
・后台Activity的Context不能显示
・BroadcastReceiver的Context也不行

・Service的Context可以显示。

4、Service中的代码

public void test() {
	View v = View.inflate(mContext, R.layout.volume_panel, null);
	AlertDialog.Builder b = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext, R.style.selectorDialog);
	b.setView(v);
	AlertDialog d = b.create();

	d.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT);
	//d.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY);  
	d.show();
	/* set size & pos */
	WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = d.getWindow().getAttributes();
	WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(mContext.WINDOW_SERVICE);
	Display display = wm.getDefaultDisplay();
	if (display.getHeight() > display.getWidth()) {
		//lp.height = (int) (display.getHeight() * 0.5);  
		lp.width = (int) (display.getWidth() * 1.0);
	} else {
		//lp.height = (int) (display.getHeight() * 0.75);  
		lp.width = (int) (display.getWidth() * 0.5);
	}
	d.getWindow().setAttributes(lp);
	Log.d("M1-service", "show()");
}

5、第二种方法

其实不用Service,也可以直接使用WindowManager.addView()在后台直接显示窗口

	LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
	mDesktopLayout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.volume_panel, null);
	// 取得系统窗体
	mWindowManager = (WindowManager) getApplicationContext().getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
	// 窗体的布局样式
	mLayoutParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
	// 设置窗体显示类型――TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT(系统提示)
	mLayoutParams.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
	// 设置窗体焦点及触摸:
	// FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE(不能获得按键输入焦点)
	mLayoutParams.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
	// 设置显示的模式
	mLayoutParams.format = PixelFormat.RGBA_8888;
	// 设置对齐的方法
	mLayoutParams.gravity = Gravity.TOP | Gravity.LEFT;
	// 设置窗体宽度和高度
	mLayoutParams.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
	mLayoutParams.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
	// 设置窗体显示的位置,否则在屏幕中心显示
	mLayoutParams.x = 50;
	mLayoutParams.y = 50;
	mWindowManager.addView(mDesktopLayout, mLayoutParams);
6、总结

这两种方式显示出来的窗口都不会激发当前Activity的onPause()事件。据说还可以先一个窗口风格的Activity,不过显示时会激发当前窗口的onPause()事件,具体咋样没试过。

网上下了一个风格非常不错

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<resources>  
    <style  
        name="selectorDialog"  
        parent="@android:style/Theme.Dialog">  
        <item name="android:windowFrame">@null</item><!--边框-->  
        <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item><!--是否浮现在activity之上-->  
        <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">false</item><!--半透明-->  
        <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item><!--无标题-->  
        <!--<item name="android:windowBackground">@drawable/selector_dialog_bg</item>背景透明-->  
        <item name="android:backgroundDimEnabled">false</item><!--模糊-->  
        <item name="android:backgroundDimAmount">0.6</item>  
    </style>  
</resources>  


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